Palavras-chave
target shooting
high-performance sports
brain mapping
motor behavior
Como Citar
Resumo
Introdução: O tiro é uma modalidade esportiva milenar que requer requires aptidões mentais, emocionais e cognitivas de seu praticante.
Objetivo: Nesta revisão sistemática abrangente procuramos examinar a hipótese de eficiência neural em esportes de tiro (rifle, pistola e tiro com arco) relacionados ao desempenho.
Métodos: Realizamos a busca nas bases de dados PubMed e Google Scholar utilizando os termos “brain and shooting”. Após aplicados os critérios do estudo, 28 artigos participaram desta revisão.
Resultados e Discussão: Existem diferenças consistentes entre atiradores experientes e iniciantes na atividade cortical relacionada ao desempenho do tiro, o que implica que a experiência do tiro leva a ajustes cerebrais para energia segura durante a tarefa e se correlaciona com o desempenho. A lateralidade hemisférica implica que os experts apresentam alto grau de foco atencional.
Conclusão: A literatura mostra que existem diferenças específicas no mapeamento cerebral de atiradores experientes e novatos durante tarefas de tiro. Além disso, o aumento da frequência Alpha no período de mira e o momento de disparo em T3, juntamente com a estabilidade nos locais T4, relacionam-se ao desempenho. Outros achados foram discutidos.
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