Palavras-chave
marcadores fisiológicos
sintomas psicológicos
atletas
saúde
overtraining
physiological markers
psychological symptoms
athletes
health
Como Citar
Resumo
Introdução: O treinamento pode ser definido como um processo de aumento na carga de trabalho físico e períodos de descanso. Se esses períodos não forem aplicados adequadamente, os atletas podem desenvolver síndrome de excesso de treinamento (overtraining syndrome: OTS).
Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca da OTS, abordando os principais marcadores fisiológicos, os parâmetros psicológicos relacionados e identificar estratégias para a prevenção da síndrome.
Métodos: Este estudo foi do tipo revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada na base da dados do PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine), que inclui MedLine e outras bases científicas, principal fonte de consulta científica na área das ciências da saúde. A linguagem utilizada foi o inglês e, para rastrear as publicações, foram utilizados os seguintes termos: “overtraining” and “markers”; “overtraining”and “psychological symptoms”; and “overtraining”and “heart rate”.
Resultados e Discussão: Observou-se que, de um lado, alguns pesquisadores utilizaram apenas marcadores fisiológicos para tentar diagnosticar OTS. E, por outro lado, outros cientistas incluíram no diagnóstico da OTS também os sintomas de estresse psicológico e têm buscado instrumentos preditores de OTS para preveni-la. Há necessidade de melhor definição dos termos e conceitos para favorecer a comparabilidade entre os estudos.
Conclusão: Sugere-se que os treinadores, incluam no planejamento e periodização do treinamento, avaliações dos marcadores bio-psico-fisiológicos em conjunto com os marcadores fisiológicos para identificar precocemente sintomas de fadiga aguda e de ultrapassagem dos limites físicos no treinamento (overreaching) buscando prevenir a OTS.
Overtraining Syndrome – Symptoms and Prevention: a Systematic Review
Introdução: O treinamento pode ser definido como um processo de aumento na carga de trabalho físico e períodos de descanso. Se esses períodos não forem aplicados adequadamente, os atletas podem desenvolver síndrome de excesso de treinamento (overtraining syndrome: OTS).
Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca da OTS, abordando os principais marcadores fisiológicos, os parâmetros psicológicos relacionados e identificar estratégias para a prevenção da síndrome.
Métodos: Este estudo foi do tipo revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada na base da dados do PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine), que inclui MedLine e outras bases científicas, principal fonte de consulta científica na área das ciências da saúde. A linguagem utilizada foi o inglês e, para rastrear as publicações, foram utilizados os seguintes termos: “overtraining” and “markers”; “overtraining”and “psychological symptoms”; and “overtraining”and “heart rate”.
Resultados e Discussão: Observou-se que, de um lado, alguns pesquisadores utilizaram apenas marcadores fisiológicos para tentar diagnosticar OTS. E, por outro lado, outros cientistas incluíram no diagnóstico da OTS também os sintomas de estresse psicológico e têm buscado instrumentos preditores de OTS para preveni-la. Há necessidade de melhor definição dos termos e conceitos para favorecer a comparabilidade entre os estudos.
Conclusão: Sugere-se que os treinadores, incluam no planejamento e periodização do treinamento, avaliações dos marcadores bio-psico-fisiológicos em conjunto com os marcadores fisiológicos para identificar precocemente sintomas de fadiga aguda e de ultrapassagem dos limites físicos no treinamento (overreaching) buscando prevenir a OTS.
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